1864 – Helena, Montana is founded after four prospectors discover gold at “Last Chance Gulch”.
Helena /ˈhɛlɪnə/ is the capital city of the U.S. state of Montana and the county seat of Lewis and Clark County. As of the 2010 census the population at 28,190, making it the fifth least populous state capital in the U.S.[4] It was founded as a gold camp during the Montana gold rush, and was established in 1864. Over $3.6 billion of gold was extracted in the city limits over a duration of two decades, making it one of the wealthiest cities in the United States by the late nineteenth century. The concentration of wealth contributed to the city’s prominent, elaborate Victorian architecture.
Helena is the principal city of the Helena Micropolitan Statistical Area, which includes all of Lewis and Clark and Jefferson counties; its population is 77,414 according to the 2015 Census Estimate.[5]
The local daily newspaper is the Independent Record. Professional sports teams include the Helena Brewers minor league baseball and Helena Bighorns Tier III Junior A hockey team. The city is served by Helena Regional Airport (HLN).
1900 – Ragnar Granit, Finnish-Swedish physiologist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1991)
Ragnar Arthur Granit ForMemRS[1] (October 30, 1900 – March 12, 1991) was a Swedish-speaking Finnish and later Swedish scientist who was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1967[2][3][4] along with Haldan Keffer Hartline[5] and George Wald “for their discoveries concerning the primary physiological and chemical visual processes in the eye”.[6][7][8][9]
Education
Granit graduated in 1927 from the Faculty of Medicine of the University of Helsinki, Finland.
Career and research
When Finland became the target of a massive Soviet attack in 1940 during the Winter War (1939–1940), Granit sought refuge – and peaceful surroundings for his studies and research work – in the neighbouring capital of Sweden, Stockholm, at the age of 40.
In the next year, 1941, Granit also received Swedish citizenship, which made it possible for him to go on with his work and live without having to worry about the war, which lasted until 1945 in Finland. Granit remained a patriotic Finn throughout his life. After the Finnish-Russian Wars, Granit kept homes both in Finland and Sweden. He and his wife are buried in Korpo, Finland.
Granit was professor of neurophysiology at the Karolinska Institutet from 1946 to his retirement in 1967.[10]
Awards and honors
Granit was elected a Foreign Member of the Royal Society (ForMemRS) in 1960[1] and awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1967.[9] Granit said that he was a “fifty-fifty” Finnish and Swedish Nobel laureate.[11]
By Dan Colman: Google’s Free Photo Editing Software, the Nik Collection, Has Been Acquired by DxO & Will Live Another Day
By Dan Colman: New Documentary Joan Didion: The Center Will Not Hold Now Streaming on Netflix
Quick note: Netflix just launched a new documentary Joan Didion: The Center Will Not Hold. It’s a portrait (naturally) of the now 82-year-old literary icon, Joan Didion, that’s directed by her own nephew Griffin Dunne. If you have a Netflix account, you can start streaming the 90 minute documentary here. If you don’t, you could always sign up for Netflix’s 30-day free trial.
Joan Reeves: Infographic Contest Now Open
Joan Reeves: Small Town Saturday with Giulietta Spudich
Takeaway Truth
Readers, take an armchair trip to the setting in Painting Pretoria with the ebook edition for Kindle. Remember, it’s free on Kindle Unlimited for subscribers; only $2.99 to purchase. It’s also available in a paperback edition.
By Gary Price: New Online: Western University Launches Virtual Exhibition Featuring Items From Labatt Brewing Company Archive
By Gary Price: Texas: Take a Look Inside Austin’s New Central Library Before Saturday’s Grand Opening
KXAN learned a social work intern from Texas State will be stationed part-time at the new Central Library to provide counseling and connect homeless individuals with resources in the community. Under a 2-year grant, Austin Public Library had three interns stationed at different branches. But that grant expired in August, so right now there is only one. The library hopes in the future, the city will provide a full-time social worker.
By Gary Price: Orchid Labs is Developing a Blockchain-Based Internet Protocol to Defeat Censorship and Surveillance
Orchid protocols are available in private alpha to select recipients today. Later this year, all Orchid software will be published to the open source community. Early in 2018 we plan to offer a public beta of the Orchid Protocol to help billions of users on all corners of the globe make Internet Freedom a reality.
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By Freia Nahser: Rebuilding trust by trusting the audience
Wikitribune Campaign from impossible on Vimeo.
By Max Chafkin: How Snapchat Has Kept Itself Free of Fake News
By Heather Bryant: Talking about journalism’s class problem.
By John Martin: Original Catwoman Julie Newmar Talks Old Hollywood and Why She’s Glad It’s Changing
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By Kristen Lee: These Are The Driving Rules That Everyone Ignores
By Jason Torchinsky: The Man Who Convinced Porsche To Save The 911 Died This Weekend
…
Schutz did not get an easy start in life; when he was born in 1930 in Berlin, Germany things weren’t going so well for Jewish families like his. By 1937 he and his family were forced to flee to Havana, Cuba to escape the Nazis, and later relocated to Chicago, where Schutz would eventually go on to get a degree in mechanical engineering.
Schutz began his career at Caterpillar Tractor, and later moved to Cummins Engine, where he was quite successful, only leaving when his decision to give a speech at the 1976 Teamsters convention was questioned by the management at Cummins.
More…
wiki: Peter W. Schutz
 
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