On This Day
1717 – The Netherlands, Great Britain, and France sign the Triple Alliance[4] in an attempt to maintain the Treaty of Utrecht; Britain having signed a preliminary alliance with France on November 28 (November 17, 1716).
The Triple Alliance was a treaty between the Dutch Republic, France and Great Britain, against Spain in an attempt to maintain the agreement of the 1713 Treaty of Utrecht. The three states were concerned about Spain becoming a superpower in Europe. As a result, militarisation took place and caused great havoc to civilians. That enraged Spain and other states and led to brinkmanship. The alliance became the Quadruple Alliance the next year, after the accession of Holy Roman Emperor Charles VI.
Background
After the deaths of Louis XIV and Queen Anne, relations between France and Great Britain improved. George I and the new French regent, Philippe II, Duke of Orléans, were cousins, and both regimes faced threats. Orléans was concerned that his domestic enemies, particularly Louis Auguste de Bourbon, Duc de Maine, would combine with Spain to overthrow him, and George I wished to persuade the French to withhold support for any further Jacobite risings. According to Louis de Rouvroy, duc de Saint-Simon, who opposed the alliance, the British Ambassador to Paris, John Dalrymple, 2nd Earl of Stair, argued that the short-term advantage to both regimes of an alliance outweighed their traditional differences. Orléans agreed, as did his secretary Guillaume Dubois, the future Cardinal, together with James Stanhope, 1st Earl Stanhope, the English Secretary of State, is generally regarded as the principal author of the alliance.
Saint-Simon, who loathed Dubois, argued that the Bourbon Kingdoms of France and Spain should be perpetual allies, but that took no account of present realities. The Cellamare Conspiracy fully justified Orléans’s concerns of Spanish intentions, and the successful conclusion to the War of Quadruple Alliance vindicated the decision to ally with Great Britain and the Dutch Republic.
Born On This Day
1932 – Clint Hill, American secret service agent and author
Clinton J. Hill (born January 4, 1932) is a former United States Secret Service agent who served under five United States presidents, from Dwight D. Eisenhower to Gerald Ford. Hill is best known for his act of bravery while in the presidential motorcade on November 22, 1963 when United States President John F. Kennedy was assassinated in Dallas, Texas.[1]
During the assassination, Hill ran from the Secret Service follow up car, behind the presidential limousine, leaped onto the back of it and shielded Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis and the stricken president with his body as the car raced to Parkland Memorial Hospital. This action was documented in the Zapruder film. Since the death of Nellie Connally in September 2006, Hill is the last surviving person who was in the presidential limousine that day.
FYI
By MessyNessy, 13 Things I Found on the Internet Today (Vol. DXXXVI): Making The New York Times in 1942; Confederate torpedo (anti-ship mine), American Civil War; A Collection of Midcentury Garage Doors; A Quote from the New-York Tribune, January 2, 1920 and more ->
By Sandra Murphy & Cynthia Chow, Kings River Life: Mystery Catch Up Group For Your New Year Reading!
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RecipeTinEats
- Irene’s Cretan biscuits (Greek almond cookies) October 4, 2024These traditional Greek Cretan biscuits are here courtesy of Irene, the very Greek mother of my very Greek hairdresser. Does it surprise anybody that I spend most of the time at the salon discussing food with everybody and anybody? 😂 Meet Irene, beloved local Greek grandmother and baker If you love buttery shortbread biscuits and... […]Nagi
- First-in-the-world pre-release GIVEAWAY! October 2, 2024I was so excited to receive a box of the overseas edition of my new cookbook Tonight I decided to do a very special giveaway….be the first in the world to receive my new cookbook! **GIVEAWAY HAS ENDED! Congratulations Kimsi from Belgium, Cathy in the USA and Renae in QLD, Australia! I have sent each... […]Nagi
wikimedia
- Wikimedia Commons picture of the day for October 9 October 9, 2024Picture of the day Today is Durga Puja, an annual Hindu festival originating in the Indian subcontinent which reveres and pays homage to the Hindu goddess Durga and is also celebrated because of Durga's victory over Mahishasur.
- Wikimedia Commons picture of the day for October 8 October 8, 2024Picture of the day Blue-tailed bee-eater (Merops philippinus) in Yala National Park, Sri Lanka
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